Section 3 - Stereochemistry of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: 3-D Structures of Molecules
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Stereochemistry of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: 3-D Structures of Molecules - Section 3 of Organic Chemistry Notes is 13 pages in length (page 3-1 through page 3-13) and covers ALL you'll need to know about the following lecture/book topics:
3-1 -- Stereochemistry
3-1 -- Conformation of Alkanes
· Rotations Around Sigma (σ) Bonds
· Conformational Isomers
· Conformers of Ethane (Staggered vs. Eclipsed)
3-2 -- Newman Projections
· Dihedral Angles (θ)
· Staggered vs. Eclipsed
· Energy Diagrams for Corresponding Newman Projections
· Newman Projections for Butane - Gauche Conformers and Anti Conformers
· Steric Interactions Between Substituents
· Preferred Combinations of n-Alkanes (all-Anti)
3-4 -- Stability of Alkanes
· Enthalpies (ΔH), Heats of Combustion (ΔHcomb) and Heats of Formation (ΔHf)
· Branched Alkanes (Relative b.p.’s, m.p.’s, and ΔHf values
3-5 – Cycloalkane Stability
· Cyclopropane, Cyclobutane, and Cyclopentane
· Angle Strain (Planarity vs. Non-planarity)
3-7 -- Three Different Sources of Strain in Cycloalkanes
· Angle Strain, Steric Strain, and Torsional Strain
3-8 -- Detailed Look at the Stereochemistry of Cyclohexane
· Chair Conformations
· Axial H’s and Equatorial H’s
· The Newman Projection of Cyclohexane
· Ring-Flip Between Chair Conformations
· Monosubstituted Cyclohexanes
· 1,3-Diaxial Interactions
· Disubstituted Cyclohexanes (cis vs. trans)
3-11 -- A Closer Look at the Cyclohexane Ring-Flip
· The “Twist-Boat” Intermediate
3-12 -- Bicyclic Compounds
· Bicyclo[l.m.n]alkanes
· Bridge Carbons and General Structure of Bicyclic Compounds
3-13 -- Steroid Skeletal Structures
· Always Trans
· Chair Conformations for Steroid Molecules
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